Denmark Explores Reactivation of Coastal Defense with NSM Batteries

Published on April 18, 2025
By Robin Häggblom

In light of increasing global security challenges, Denmark is considering the reactivation of its coastal defense capabilities with the acquisition of NSM (Naval Strike Missile) batteries. This potential move aligns with a broader trend among nations to enhance coastal defense systems, particularly following lessons learned from recent conflicts, such as the war in Ukraine.

Historical Context of Coastal Defense in Denmark

During the Cold War, many countries, including Denmark, maintained coastal anti-ship missile batteries as part of their defense strategy. However, the end of the Cold War led to a significant downsizing of armed forces, resulting in the retirement of many of these systems. Denmark previously operated a limited number of truck-mounted Harpoon missile launchers, which were decommissioned after the retirement of the Peder Skram-class frigates in 1990. The mobile coastal base unit, known as MOBA, managed these systems until their disbandment in 2003. Despite the retirement of these mobile batteries, Denmark's military experience remained relevant. Following Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022, Denmark repurposed its knowledge of mobile anti-ship missile systems by providing a Harpoon battery to support Ukrainian coastal defenses around Odesa. This action was regarded as one of Denmark's most significant contributions to Ukraine during the conflict.

Investment in the Royal Danish Navy

Recently, Denmark announced a significant increase in investment for the Royal Danish Navy, prioritizing the enhancement of its defense capabilities. According to reports from the Danish newspaper Berlingske, part of this investment involves acquiring a mobile solution based on the Norwegian Kongsberg NSM anti-ship missile system.

The NSM is designed for precision targeting and has been effective in various military applications. It has also been selected to replace the aging ship-based Harpoon systems currently in use by the Danish Navy. This makes it a logical choice for land-based coastal defense integration as well.

Current Developments

While the Danish procurement agency, DALO, has not confirmed specific details regarding the acquisition of the NSM batteries, discussions are ongoing, and a final decision is anticipated post-Easter. Reports indicate that DALO is evaluating various options as part of an extensive fleet plan still in negotiation.

Although information from leaked drafts of the agreement has surfaced, DALO has stated that they cannot confirm or deny the details until an official announcement is made.

Strategic Importance of Coastal Defense

The reactivation of Denmark’s coastal missile defense is particularly vital given the country's responsibility for securing the narrow and crucial inlets to the Baltic Sea. Military analysts have emphasized the importance of investing in modern coastal defense systems, especially in light of recent military developments in the region.

The widespread adoption of the NSM by other nations, including the United States Marine Corps’ NMESIS program and Poland’s maritime missile units, further supports Denmark's interest in this missile system. The Danish military is likely studying the Polish models as templates for structuring its own modern NSM battery systems.

Conclusion

As Denmark continues to evaluate and potentially reactive its coastal defense capabilities with the NSM system, it reflects a broader recognition of the shifting security landscape and the need for enhanced military preparedness. The anticipated investment not only revitalizes historical defense practices but also positions Denmark strategically in regional security discussions.

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