Ancient Antler from Stone Age Sweden Revealed as Multi-Use Tool

Discovery of a Decorated Antler

A fascinating discovery in Sweden has unearthed a richly decorated antler, believed to be approximately 7,500 years old, that showcases the ingenuity of Stone Age toolmakers. This artifact was initially identified as a battle axe before scholars determined that it may also have functioned as a fishing harpoon later in its life.

Insight from Researchers

Scientists studied the antler, discovered eight years ago but not thoroughly analyzed until recent advancements in technology became available. "It was probably handled as an ax," stated Lars Larsson, a professor of archaeology at Lund University in Sweden and co-author of the new study. Larsson noted that similar antler axes found in present-day Denmark exhibit severe damage indicative of battle use.

The antler was discovered on a stone platform within a river that connects Lake Vättern to the Baltic Sea, alongside a range of other artifacts including a bone needle, stone axe blades, and human skeletal remains. This archaeological site, identified as Strandvägen, was active during the Mesolithic or Middle Stone Age.

Significance of the Strandvägen Site

Sara Gummesson, an archaeologist from Stockholm University who was not involved in the study, emphasized the importance of the Strandvägen site, calling it one of the largest Mesolithic sites in Sweden. The site is notable for its preservation conditions, which are typically poor due to the region's acidic soils that often degrade organic materials. However, many artifacts at Strandvägen have been remarkably preserved, partially due to their recovery from water and the presence of less acidic bedrock.

Radiocarbon dating has indicated that the settlement was active between 5,800 and 5,000 B.C., and it is located near the Kanaljorden site, which contains valuable archaeological insights including human remains lacking jaws found on spikes.

Craftsmanship and Use

The antler, measuring around 4.2 inches (10.7 centimeters) in length, shows signs of significant craftsmanship. Researchers utilized a digital microscope to analyze the artifact further. The study revealed that the antler was meticulously filed for evenness before being intricately carved with hatch-like patterns. Tar was applied to accentuate these designs, indicating a high level of skill among the artisans.

Larsson explained that the antler exhibited breakage consistent with heavy use, suggesting it served as an axe in battle. Following its initial purpose, further analysis indicated the possibility that the axe was repurposed as a fishing harpoon, a common item found at the Strandvägen site.

Cultural Significance

The burial of the antler among valued goods and human remains hints at its significance as a ritual object. Gummesson remarked on ancient practices wherein items could undergo various transformations in use and value over time, often being repaired and reused rather than discarded.

This discovery adds depth to our understanding of the lifestyles of hunter-fisher-gatherers in ancient Sweden and highlights the sophisticated skills of early humans in tool-making and cultural practices.

Conclusion

The study of this exquisite antler from Stone Age Sweden underscores the connection between ancient objects and the lives of those who created them. As advancements in technology continue to enhance archaeological research, new discoveries will no doubt shed more light on our early ancestors and their intricate way of life.